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MORQ Architecture has conceived an alternative approach to a traditional summer retreat with Villa RA in Calabria. Through composition and materiality, the 400sqm property has visual and tactile continuity between landscape and architecture. Contemporary and distinct amongst its rural landscape, the villa was imagined by the clients as a place of respite and reconnection, from which to enjoy the virtues of their land in a way that is harmonious with nature and local tradition.
Calabria is located at the southernmost tip of mainland Italy, bordered by mountains that slope down toward the sea. Villa RA is set atop a mountainous ridge 300m above sea level, with inhabitants experiencing views down toward the sea in the south and mountains in the west. Combatting the sheer height, ancient granite boulders that protrude from the earth make it feel as though the house is anchored to the land.
Related: Cloister House in Perth, Australia by MORQ Architecture.
The architects aimed for the villa to feel ingrained as part of the landscape as a whole, rather than appear as an autonomous element. Instead of taking a literal approach in looking to mimic the natural surrounds, the project draws from the traditional architecture of the Italian villa and the material tones of the land. Monochrome yet vibrant, Villa RA changes hues throughout the day, responding to sun and context through shadows and ever changing material nuances. The compact structure is punctuated by openings that frame the landscape, with MORQ conceptualizing it as a ‘house that looks’, onto oak trees, date palms, ocean and mountain views.
“This was our design intention; the idea that generated the project and held it accountable to the site,” MORQ explain. “It is typical of a Mediterranean dwelling, where the understanding of a relationship with the place has a central role in the conception and expression of its outcome.”
A series of three spaces offer differing levels of exposure to the site with gradual progression towards the sea view. A 600mm thick wall protects the entry patio from northern winds, creating an immediate sense of discovery and safety. Beyond this, the main living area opens on to a portico, a typical feature of the Italian villas that blur the distinction between indoor and outdoor. Two large openings and slots in the portico roof allow shadows to filter throughout the day. A central living room leads through to the third space containing the kitchen, living room and bedrooms.
A limited material palette highlights the simple geometry of the structure. The interior and exterior surfaces are the same, with thick walls made of Cocciopesto plaster, chromatically akin to the local soil achieved after rigorous sampling and trials. Beyond the harmonious tone of the plaster, the villa is further grounded to the site by sitting amongst a bed of crushed local stone. The solid walls help to thwart off strong winds, though large openings also facilitate cross-ventilation when required.
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https://www.yellowtrace.com.au/villa-ra-calabria-italy-morq-architecture-rammed-earth-house/